PCOD, or polycystic ovarian disease, is a hormonal illness in which a woman produces an excess of male hormones such as testosterone. High levels of male hormones produce symptoms like irregular ovulation or no ovulation at all. In simple terms, women with PCOD or PCOS do not produce a mature egg from their ovaries every month, resulting in infertility. PCOD affects one in 10 women worldwide. Heavy vaginal bleeding is one of the symptoms that PCOD-affected women experience.

This is due to the fact that because they don’t ovulate, generate progesterone, or have regular periods like normal women do, the lining of their uteri thickens, causing severe bleeding and occasionally uterine cancer. The disease’s tendency to first appear in females shortly after puberty and occasionally during the reproductive phase is its most discouraging aspect. Earlier, it was believed that this disease was caused by enlarged polycystic ovaries or ovarian defects, however it has now been discovered that women with normal menstrual cycles and normal-sized ovaries might also develop the condition. The inheritance of this condition may be autosomal dominant and contains genetic and family components.

Symptoms of PCOD:

Increased levels of male hormones, also known as hyperandrogenism, cause excessive hair growth on the face, abdomen, toes, and thumbs. Other characteristics include baldness, voice deepening, and increased muscle bulk. The patient’s skin is typically greasy and they may have recurring acne. The inner thigh, axilla, nape of the neck, under the breast, and over exposed parts like the knees, knuckles, and elbows all have pigmented skin. This condition is also known as acanthosis nigra, which is brought on by insulin resistance. Changes in pregnancy hormones can lead to repeated abortions in females. Infertility is a very typical aspect of this illness. Infertility is brought on by irregular or nonexistent ovulation. In addition to diabetes, cardiovascular problems such coronary artery disorders, high blood pressure, high triglyceride levels, low HDL, high LDL, and total cholesterol levels.